Context: Submissive
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Behaviors employed to avoid aggression and/or injury by other elephants.
Behaviors in this Context (27)
Back-Away
Avoidance
Body: Body
Adult femaleAdult maleJuvenile Adolescent femaleJuvenile Adolescent male+2 more
Back-Toward
AffiliativeBirthCalf Reassurance & ProtectionCoalition BuildingSocial Play
Body: Body
Adult femaleJuvenile Adolescent female
Check-Temporin
AggressiveAmbivalentSocial Play
Body: Temporal Glands, Trunk
Adult femaleAdult maleJuvenile Adolescent femaleJuvenile Adolescent male+1 more
Chin-Out
AggressiveSocial Play
Body: Head
Adult femaleAdult maleJuvenile Adolescent femaleJuvenile Adolescent male+2 more
Ear-Folding
Advertisement & AttractionAffiliativeAggressiveAttacking & MobbingBirthCoalition BuildingConflict & Confrontation
Body: Ears
Adult femaleAdult maleJuvenile Adolescent femaleJuvenile Adolescent male+1 more
Ears-Back
Body: Ears
Adult femaleAdult maleJuvenile Adolescent femaleJuvenile Adolescent male+1 more
Foot-Lifting
AmbivalentAttentiveMovement, Space & LeadershipVigilance
Body: Forefeet, Hindfeet
Adult femaleAdult maleJuvenile Adolescent femaleJuvenile Adolescent male+1 more
Grumble-Rumble
Calf Nourishment & WeaningCalf Reassurance & ProtectionProtest & Distress
1a. Laryngeal callsBody: Ears, Mouth, Trunk
Juvenile Adolescent femaleJuvenile Adolescent maleCalf
Head-High
Advertisement & AttractionAggressive
Body: Head
Musth male only
Head-Low
Body: Head
Adult maleJuvenile Adolescent male
Head-Shaking
AffiliativeAggressiveAttentiveCalf Reassurance & ProtectionConflict & ConfrontationLone & Object PlaySocial PlayProtest & Distress
2. Other acoustic signalsBody: Head
Adult femaleJuvenile Adolescent female
Jolt
Avoidance
3. Other soundsBody: Body
Adult femaleAdult maleJuvenile Adolescent femaleJuvenile Adolescent male+2 more
Look-Back
AggressiveAttentiveAvoidanceCalf Reassurance & ProtectionCoalition BuildingMovement, Space & LeadershipVigilance
Body: Ears, Eyes, Head
Adult femaleAdult maleJuvenile Adolescent femaleJuvenile Adolescent male+1 more
Open-Mouth
Advertisement & AttractionAffiliativeAggressiveBirthCalf Reassurance & ProtectionCoalition BuildingProtest & Distress
Body: Mouth
Adult femaleAdult maleJuvenile Adolescent femaleJuvenile Adolescent male+2 more
Orient-Away
AffiliativeAvoidanceForaging & Comfort Technique
Body: Body
Adult femaleAdult maleJuvenile Adolescent femaleJuvenile Adolescent male+2 more
Periscope-Trunk
Advertisement & AttractionAttentiveCalf Nourishment & WeaningCoalition BuildingSocial PlayVigilance
Body: Trunk
Adult femaleAdult maleJuvenile Adolescent femaleJuvenile Adolescent male+2 more
Retreat-From
Avoidance
Body: Body
Adult femaleAdult maleJuvenile Adolescent femaleJuvenile Adolescent male+2 more
Roar
BirthCalf Nourishment & WeaningCalf Reassurance & ProtectionProtest & Distress
1a. Laryngeal callsBody: Mouth
CalfInfant
Rumble
Advertisement & AttractionAffiliativeAggressiveAmbivalentAttacking & MobbingAttentiveAvoidanceBirthCalf Nourishment & WeaningCalf Reassurance & ProtectionCoalition BuildingConflict & ConfrontationCourtshipMovement, Space & LeadershipVigilanceProtest & Distress
Body: Mouth
Adult femaleAdult maleJuvenile Adolescent femaleJuvenile Adolescent male+2 more
Rump-Present
Advertisement & AttractionCourtshipSocial Play
Body: Body
Adult femaleJuvenile Adolescent femaleCalf
Run-Away
CourtshipSocial Play
3. Other soundsBody: Body
Adult femaleAdult maleJuvenile Adolescent femaleJuvenile Adolescent male+2 more
Skirt-Around
Body: Body
Adult femaleAdult maleJuvenile Adolescent femaleJuvenile Adolescent male+1 more
Snort
AffiliativeAvoidanceConflict & ConfrontationSocial Play
1b. Trunk callsBody: Mouth, Trunk
Adult femaleAdult maleJuvenile Adolescent femaleJuvenile Adolescent male+2 more
Supplant
Aggressive
Body: Body
Adult femaleAdult maleJuvenile Adolescent femaleJuvenile Adolescent male+2 more
Tail-Swatting
Advertisement & AttractionCalf Nourishment & WeaningCalf Reassurance & ProtectionCourtshipForaging & Comfort TechniqueMovement, Space & LeadershipNovel & IdiosyncraticSocial Play
3. Other soundsBody: Tail
Adult femaleAdult maleJuvenile Adolescent femaleJuvenile Adolescent male+2 more
Trunk-Toward
Advertisement & AttractionAttentiveBirthCalf Reassurance & ProtectionConflict & ConfrontationVigilance
Body: Trunk
Adult femaleAdult maleJuvenile Adolescent femaleJuvenile Adolescent male+2 more
V8-Rumble
Protest & Distress
1a. Laryngeal callsBody: Mouth, Trunk
Adult male