Two elephants rushing toward one another, head to head, attempting to Tusk, Push, Ram or interlock tusks to leverage an opponent down to the ground or manoeuvre him into position where he can be gored. Dueling typically involves two contesting musth males.
It is unusual for females to fight with males, but when it occurs it is likely between an adult female and a teenage male and typically when the young male is behaving inappropriately toward her or toward a member of her family. In this case Ozora is in estrus and being lightly Guarded by Liaqat. A young male, about 15 years old, smaller than her and perhaps 15 years younger, is interested in her and, perhaps frustrated by her lack of interest in him, becomes aggressive. We use the term aggressive Sparring, but if one studies the behavior this is closer to Dueling.
Here the marked behaviors only include Ozora's who is circled: Ozora is angry at him Ear-Folding and Ear-Slapping and holding her Head-High and Chin-Out. She Backs-Away and he Advances-Toward her. She again Ear-Folds and Ear-Slaps with Head-High and Chin-Out. She Backs-Away again and he presses his advantage. She Lunges at him and they Tusk-Clank. She Reaches-High, and Lunges at him Tusk-Claking again. She adopts Circus-Pose and Lunges again then as he Backs-Away she Reaches-High again. She Advances-Toward him Ear-Folding and Ear-Slapping as he Backs-Away. She continues and Retreats-From. She follows and then Kicks-Dust. He Orients-Toward her and then Advances-Toward her. She Backs-Away and then turns and returns to Liaqat as if to Solicit-Guarding. (Amboseli, Kenya)
