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  3. Pushing

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Pushing

Pushing the head or base of trunk into the back, side, head or trunk of another to move it away or along or to assist it. Pushing comes in different forms and may be rough in aggressive contexts or very gentle in a situation where an elephant is attempting to help, herd or shepherd a family member.

Media caption

The context: The V family is waiting for matriarch Valda (adult female on left) to move; they want to go South East. Valda continues her vigilance. The others are becoming frustrated. Vanessa’s little baby is with a bunch of allomothers who are looking after it. There seems to be an altercation and a daughter of Vigilante Pushes another hard. Vigilante steps forward immediately to intervene (Adult-Intervention), while Vanessa, her infant and the other allomothers move forward to join Valda. (Gorongosa, Mozambique)

Other examples of the behavior