An individual Advancing-Toward or Charging in the direction of an offending object (elephant, other animal, predator, human being) and at the end of the movement appears to ‘stub its toe’ and kicks up a cloud of dust in the direction of its antagonist. The elephant usually Stands-Tall and towers over its adversary. Occurs in all age/sex groups and may occur in a playful context.
Matriarch tuskless female, Valda (walking to the left as the clip starts), has been standing Head-Swinging and Foot-Lifting. Then she begins a Perpendicular-Walk, which appears to be a signal for one-tusked Vigilante to Charge. As the clips starts Vigilante Charges and Kick-Dust, she pauses and Charges again and the others join her in a Group-Charge. There are several Trumpet-Blasts. (Gorongosa, Mozambique)
