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  3. Mating

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Mating

A Mating is assumed to have occurred if a male successfully Mounts an estrous female who Stands-to-Mate rather than moving forward. Intromission and ejaculation occur. A successul Mating is assumed to have occurred if the male achieves intromission for at least 25 seconds. Mating is usually associated with Estrous-Rumbles by the mated female.

Media caption

Pascal is in musth and Qadija is in estrus. Pascal has been Guarding her all day. We have seen signs that they are about to Mate.

As this clip starts Pascal with a Penis-Erection Pursues Qadija who engages in an Estrous-Walk, Looking-Back. As Pascal gets closer she slows. With an Open-Mouth Pascal Reaches-Over and she Stands-to-Mate. Pascal Mounts her and appears to achieve intromission on the 7th thrust. Rumbling a Snort-Rumble and Roar-Rumble by other family members can be heard.

Qadija Kicks-Back at Pascal and other males gather around them reaching Trunk-Toward them. Pascal is Mounted for 25 seconds and Rumbling by family members continues. As he dismounts Qadija rushes forward and gives an Estrous-Rumble which is answered by Pascal Musth-Rumbling and then another Estrous-Rumble by Qadija who then Head-Shakes and a Roar-Rumble by Queiroz. (Amboseli, Kenya)

Other examples of the behavior