Displacement-Feeding

An Attentive elephant plucking at vegetation, as if foraging, but typically not ingesting any of the material, or doing so in a desultory or distracted fashion. Performed in conflict situations such as in Aggressive, Submissive, Conflict & Confrontation, Courtship, and Social Play contexts when an individual shows incompatible tendencies, such as fleeing versus attacking.

For example, by males during Sparring or Escalated-Contests, or by young males near an estrous female who are “pretending” to do something else so as not to provoke aggression by the Guarding male. Displayed by elephants, particularly adult females, during Conflict & Confrontation when Contemplating whether or not to attack. Also displayed by elephants of both sexes when Queuing-Up - waiting their turn at a waterhole or fallen tree or other scarce resource.

References: Tennent 1867: 138; Kühme 1963: 78; Douglas-Hamilton 1972: 140; Estes 1991: 267; Moss 1992: 131, 132; Spinage 1994: 178; Sukumar 1994: 99; Poole & Granli 2003. (Full reference list)

This behavior occurs in the following context(s): Aggressive, Ambivalent, Conflict & Confrontation, Courtship, Social Play, Vigilance

Displacement-Feeding

Context: Conflict & Confrontation (1)

Prior to the start of this clip, adult male, gm0040, Aloisio, Advanced-Toward our vehicle and came to investigate us in a mildly threatening manner, reaching his Trunk-Toward us sniffing, and Standing-Tall while Ear-Spreading. He climbed up a bank to Attain-Higher-Ground, from where he threatened us Standing-Tall (Chin-Up and Ear-Spreading).

As this clips starts he Advances-Toward us in a kind of lunging movement, and does a Head-Dip and then he stands Contemplating us. He is unsure what to do next and appears to begin Displacement-Feeding. (Gorongosa, Mozambique)

Displacement-Feeding

Context: Aggressive (1)

These two males are engaged in an Escalated-Contest that lasts almost 3 hours. As the clip starts the short-tusked male is Displacement-Feeding as the longer-tusked male Advances-Toward him. They stand facing one another. The longer-tusked male grabs a trunkful of grass but is really watching the other male, who then Retreats-From. (Amboseli, Kenya)