Bonding-Rumble

Bonding-Rumble is a general term to refer to Rumbles that occur during Bonding-Ceremonies that have not been determined to be, specifically, Greeting-Rumbles, Estrous-Rumbles, or Female-Chorus-Rumbles. In other words they include the powerful overlapping Rumbles that occur during a Mating-Pandemonium, the birth of a calf, or during the formation of a Coalition or during High-Fiving or an End-Zone-Dance. 

References: Poole 2011. (Full reference list)

This behavior occurs in the following context(s): Advertisement & Attraction, Affiliative, Coalition Building, Courtship

Bonding-Rumble

Context: Coalition Building (1)

An End-Zone-Dance is a form of Bonding-Ceremony that takes place after a defensive action. This End-Zone-Dance took place after multiple Group-Advances and multiple Group- and sustained Charges by members of the Mabenzi family. After Valente's almost two minute Charge which was joined by the entire family, Valente and Mwana Nzo High-Five and others all gather in an End-Zone-Dance - The main players - Valente and Mwana-Nzo Rumble with Open-Mouth, while they display Rapid-Ear-Flapping, Head-Raising, Tail-Raising, and Defecating. They reach their trunks to one another's mouth, Trunk-to-Mouth, and then display Trunk-Twining, Open-Mouth-to-Open-Mouth Intermittently there are Social-Trumpets. Then Mwana Nzo initiates another Group Advance. (Gorongosa, Mozambique)